科学理性的素食观 —采访德国素食健身运动员亚历山大·达格（Alexander Dargatz）

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科学理性的素食观

—采访德国素食健身运动员亚历山大·达格（Alexander Dargatz）

缘起：

    翻译这篇文章之前，我偶然路过一家餐馆，餐馆外面挂满了素食的益处与素食名人，让我感受到经营者的苦心。随后，在veganbodybuilding.com网站中，我了解到了亚历山大·达格这位运动员。特将这篇文章翻译出来。文中涉及到关于健身、补品等一些专业名词，若有不当之处，请多指正。

    关于素食、肉食，争论者日久。我个人的看法：莫陷入纯粹的素食主义或肉食主义中。素食的目的，是爱护生命、爱护自然。动物和人的一个重要区别体现在口腹上。动物吃饱喝足之后，只是尽情玩耍，即便有美食放在嘴边，也不会再过问，也不会去刻意私藏。而人类则不然，除了满足生活需求外，还要寻天下生灵于刀俎，以尽味觉之享受，暴殄天物，为中饱口欲而刻意破坏自然的平衡，由此带来种种后果。叹叹！

    提倡素食，但不强行推行素食。当充分认识到知足常乐、深刻理解人和万物平等相处的道理、真正能发起一份慈爱心、仁德心之后，素食之念会油然而生。人和人之间，由于彼此前缘不同，身体条件、思想观念等存在很大差异。尤其是素食者和家人朋友在一起生活时，请莫要为了自己的素食习惯而和亲朋好友闹别扭，莫难为了家人朋友。顺而行之，相机推行，化于无形。当人们的心灵能真正认识自己，真正明白到为何而素食时，自然会茹素。这需要一个水到渠成的过程。届时才能真正显示出“素食的力量”。

    谨希望此文能对认清素食观念有所帮助！

原文：http://veganbodybuilding.com/?page=bio_alex

采访时间：不详（据译者推测，约在2005年。2005年12月，28岁的德国素食运动员亚历山大•达格赢得了世界健美先生冠军的头衔。）  

姓名：亚历山大·达格（Alexander Dargatz）

年龄：28

身高：186厘米

体重：约86公斤

出生地：德国，法兰克福市

现居地：德国，法兰克福市

德国素食运动员亚历山大·达格（Alexander Dargatz）在比赛中

是什么原因促使您成为了全素食者？

       简而言之，是由于道德、生态、精神、健康等各种原因（大笑）！

       我曾读过一些很好的书籍，认识到了肉食所包含的伦理道德方面的认知以及肉食给动物、大自然带来的许许多多的弊端。这让我掉眼泪。对于我们而言，没有必要去消费动物制品，为此我们造成了巨大的伤害；这可以说是一种犯罪。明白这些道理之后，我再也不吃肉食了，只吃素食。

你什么时候、为什么对健身感兴趣？

       我想是在我16岁的时候。那时我的膝盖不太好，对于大多数体育运动，我都不行，除了游泳之外；不过当我们在学校做俯卧撑时，我最为出色。因此我就开始每天做俯卧撑和仰卧起坐。大约一年后，我开始增加了哑铃练习，最终我开始着迷。

       我继续在地下室锻炼，一直到18岁，我加入了附近的一个健身中心。当我加强腿部肌肉的锻炼时，我膝盖的毛病也消失了，并且我最终能够从其他运动项目中享受到乐趣，比如跑步、武术等。

我尤其喜爱健身运动！我很喜欢锻炼，喜欢举重，喜欢锻炼之后筋疲力尽的感觉。我喜欢其中的方方面面。对于每个人而言，总会有一项运动适合他/她。对于我而言，那就是健身，尽管我也喜欢其他项目，比如游泳、武术等。

谈谈你的营养方案吧。

       方案？（大笑）我真的没有什么方案！在成为全素食者之前，我习惯于严格控制我的饮食，但是现在我只吃我能够找得到的食物，只要它是素餐：）

       我对营养科学很着迷，这已成为我的一项业余爱好，我很早以前就开始了研究。

       我有一些指导计划，但没有实际的“方案”。我不吃工业食品，尽可能吃有机食品。我从不吃任何含有人工香料、防腐剂、氢化脂肪、风味增强剂或者添加其他废料的东西。总之，我尽可能吃新鲜、有营养的素餐，大量的水果、蔬菜、坚果、扁豆、种子等，并且会补充一些蛋白（大豆与小麦制品）。我也喜欢素食疗法，但我不会吃太多的甜食（一些亲手烘焙的蛋糕除外）。

谈谈你的训练方案吧。

       变数很多。尽管一些方案基本相同。我注重实干，因此在制定方案时不会好高骛远。我一般将6到8周作为一个训练周期，之后我会再次改变方案。我喜欢整体锻炼，也喜欢分步锻炼。我更喜欢高负荷的全身运动，但是我也知道局部运动的好处，因此二者兼而有之。

你使用哪一类补品？

       实际上不是太多，我相信补品的作用被夸大了。它们不可能代替健康的饮食，当你的饮食很健康，那就无需补品。目前我只是服用每天一次、含多种维他命/矿物质的药片、酵母菌（brewer’s yeast）以及肌氨酸（creatine）。我还无法确认肌氨酸的效用，每6周作为一个服用周期。

关于纯素食主义，通常有哪些错误的概念？

       哦，是有一些。这些不当的看法让许多人远离素食，所以，让事实更广为人知，这一点非常重要。

       一个流行的错误观点是素食让人变得虚弱，变得骨瘦如柴。（大笑）自从我成为素食者之后，我的力气提高了，尤其是我的耐力，我几乎再没有生过病。我的确减掉几磅，但对于大多数人而言，这并不意味着有害身体。

       另一个错误看法是素食主义意味着每天只吃植物与水果。这不太确切。人们会想，如果他们日常饮食中没有了肉类、乳制品和蛋类，那还会剩下什么？其实，还有很多新的美味等待着人们去发现，去享用！我真的去学习厨艺，面对我的女友制作的意大利素食甜点，没有人会说“不”！：)

素食的力量：素食运动员亚历山大·达格（Alexander Dargatz）的肌肉秀

你认为对于健身而言，什么最为重要？

       耐心。耐心与坚持。健身很花费时间，你不能强迫你的肌肉增长。你不可能通过两倍的饮食或者两倍的训练促使肌肉也两倍地增长。这需要时间、坚持、奉献以及你对所从事项目的热爱。

对于成为一名素食者你最喜欢什么？

       我喜欢一切！成为素食者，这是我一生中所做出的最好的选择！我很享用每一顿饭。我也喜欢和有着同样想法的人们交流，这些人非常具有同情心，很乐观。素食者的聚会氛围很棒，非常祥和，充满了活力。

对于健身，你最喜欢什么？

       我喜欢一切！（大笑）的确，我非常喜欢！

       让我想想，我“最”喜欢什么。可能是锻炼吧。我喜欢举起重物，喜欢强壮的感觉。我喜欢创造出新的个人最好成绩。

       另一个非常好的事情是成为一名素食健身者，也就是说你什么都吃而不会发胖：）我也很爱吃，因此，这两件事情搭配起来真是所向披靡啊！ ;D

对于健身而言，你哪一组肌肉最出色？

       我的上身肌肉，不包括臂部。我对胸肌最为满意，背阔肌与腹肌也不错。肩膀的肌肉最差，其次是小腿以及其他部位。

你对那些正在从事锻炼的健身者有什么建议？

       一切从简。

       作为入门者，你无需一堆补品，无需复杂的训练方案与营养计划。定期锻炼即可，可以通过写日记的方式记下你的体重，以便使自己确认一直在提高。

对于那些想成为素食者的人们，你有什么建议？

       别光去想，要去做。成为素食者，整个过程，我用了一两天时间，我想这是最好的办法。

       为了获取信息，可以在互联网上搜索，加入一个素食者团体。如果你想要，会有成吨的关于素食主义的好书等着你。如果你认识那些已经成为素食者的人们，你可以向他们学习。并且，在一起下厨很有意思。

是什么促使你成为一名成功的素食健身运动员？

       在于我对体育运动的热爱，并且我认为有必要证明素食者既不是不堪一击，也不是皮包骨头，身体也不虚弱。每次锻炼，我都会和这个星球上的每一位健身者竞争。比如那些肉食者和类固醇的使用者们(roid-users)。前者对于我而言没有竞争优势，后者我只能感到遗憾。

本网站（www.veganbodybuilding.com）对你有怎样的帮助和启发？

       我以前一直以为我肯定是世界上唯一一位自然素食的健身者：）

       在网站论坛中能遇到其他素食者真的很棒，可以和来自全世界的人们一起讨论，交谈。这儿有一些优秀的运动员，这也使我和他们成为朋友一同竞争比赛。我们会证明素食的真正力量！

你对素食健身的生活方式还有什么要补充的吗？

       有两件事情：健身和成为素食者，这些是我一生中最棒的两件事情。这促使我认识自己，无论是从身体上还是从精神上。并不意味着我这辈子只是锻炼和吃喝，但是通过这两个方面，我在生命中找到了我自己的力量。

谢谢你，Alex!

素食健身塑身小组（The Vegan Bodybuilding & Fitness Team ）

联系Alex，请发电子邮件至：[email protected]

以下为原文：

Name: Alexander Dargatz
Age: 28
Height: 186cm (6’1”)
Weight: approx. 86kg at the moment (190lbs)
Birthplace: Frankfurt, Germany
Current Residence: Frankfurt, Germany

Why did you become vegan?

In short: for ethical, ecological, spiritual and healthy reasons (in that order)! *laughs*

I read a couple of good books and realized the ethical implications of eating meat and the countless other ways of abusing animals and nature. It made me cry. There simply is no need for us to consume animal products and we cause a lot of harm by doing so; that is the definition of crime. I couldn’t be anything else but vegan after understanding that.

When and why did you become interested in bodybuilding?

I guess that was when I was 16. I had bad knees and wasn’t good in most sports, except swimming, but when we did push-ups in school, I was among the best. So I started doing push-ups and sit-ups everyday. After a year or so I added some dumbbells and ultimately I was hooked :)

I continued to workout in our basement, until I joined a gym nearby at the age of 18. The problems with my knees also vanished when I strengthened my leg muscles, and I was finally able to enjoy other sports such as running and martial arts as well.

I just love bodybuilding! I love working out, I love lifting weights, and I love being exhausted afterwards. I love every aspect about it. That’s the way it should be for everyone there’s a sport that suits him/her. For me, it’s always been Bodybuilding, though I still enjoy others, like swimming and martial arts.

How would you describe your nutrition program?

Program? *laughs* I don’t really have a program anymore! I used to be very strict on my diet before becoming vegan, but now I just eat whatever I can find, as long as it is vegan ;)

Nutrition science has always fascinated me and been a hobby long before I started studying.

I have some guidelines, but no actual “program”. I don’t eat industrial foods and try to eat as much organic food as possible. I never eat anything that has artificial flavour, preservatives, hydrogenated fat, flavour enhancer or that sort of crap in it. In general, I try to eat fresh and nutritious vegan foods, lots of fruits and veggies, nuts, lentils, seeds and so on, and add protein to it (soy and wheat products). I also enjoy vegan treats, but I try not to eat too many sweets (except self-baked cakes).

How would you describe your training program?

That varies. Some principles stay the same, though. I tend to do too much, so I design programs that prevent me from exaggerating. I do training cycles that last 6-8 weeks, after that I change my program again. I favour whole-body workouts, but I also enjoy split training. I prefer heavy weights, but I know the benefits of high reps also, so I do them both.

What kind of supplements do you use?

Not many, really. I believe supplements are overrated. They can never replace a healthy diet and when youe diet is healthy, you don’t need them. At the moment I take only a multivitamin/mineral tablet per day, brewer’s yeast and creatine. I’m still not sure about the efficiency of creatine, though. I take it in cycles of 6 weeks.

What are some common misconceptions about veganism?

Oh yeah, there are some. Those false ideas keep a lot of people from becoming vegan, that’s why it’s so important to make the truth commonly known.

One popular wrong notion is that vegans are frail and skinny. *laughs* My power has increased since becoming vegan, especially my endurance, and I almost never get ill anymore. It’s true that I lost some pounds, but to most people that would mean no harm ;)

Another misconception is that veganism means to eat only grass and fruits all day. It couldn’t be further from the truth! People imagine their usual meal without the meat, the dairy and the eggs, and wonder what’s left. But there is a whole new world of taste to discover and savor! I really learned to cook, and nobody could say “No” to my girlfriend’s vegan Tiramisu! ;)

What do you think the most important aspect of bodybuilding is?

Patience. Patience and perseverance. Bodybuilding takes time, you cannot force your muscles to grow. You can’t make them grow twice as fast by eating twice as much, or working out twice as much. It takes time, persistance, dedication and love of what you’re doing.

What do you like best about being vegan?

Everything! I was the best choice I ever made in my life to become vegan! I enjoy every single meal. I also love the communication with like-minded people, people who are compassionate and optimistic. The atmosphere at vegan gatherings is incredible, so peaceful and energetic.

What do you like best about bodybuilding?

Everything! *laughs* Yes, I love it.

I have to think on that, what do I like BEST? Probably the workout itself. I like lifting heavy weights and feeling strong. I like putting up new personal bests.

Another great thing about being a vegan bodybuilder is that you can eat everything without getting fat :) I love to eat, too, so that pair is really unbeatable! ;D

What are your best muscle groups for bodybuilding and strength.

My upper body, excluding the arms. My chest is my best bodypart, and my lats and abs are okay, too. My shoulders are weakest, followed by calves and every other body part really.

What advice do you have for bodybuilders who are just starting out?

Keep it simple.

As a beginner, you don’t need a stack of supplements, a complicated training program and a nutrition plan. Just work out regularly and make sure that you are improving by writing down your training weights in a log.

What advice do you have for people who are thinking of becoming vegan?

Don’t think about it, do it. I became vegan from one day to the other, I think it’s the best way.

For information, search the internet, join a vegan forum. If you want to, there a tons of good books around veganism. If you know people who are already vegan, maybe you can learn from them. And cooking together is fun.

What motivates you to continue to be a successful vegan bodybuilder?

My love to the sport. And I feel the need to prove that vegans are neither frail, nor skinny, nor weak! In every workout I compete against every other bodybuilder on the planet. Meat-eaters and roid-users alike. The former have no advantage on me, the latter I can only pity.

How has the website www.veganbodybuilding.com helped or inspired you?

I always thought I must be the only natural vegan bodybuilder in the world ;)

It’s so great to meet the vegans here on the board, joining from all over the world, discussing and chatting. There are quite a few great athletes here, and it motivates me to compete with them as friends. We’ll prove true vegan power!

Is there anything else you would like to add about your vegan bodybuilding lifestyle?

Those two things, bodybuilding and being vegan, are the two best things in my life. They define who I am, in body and spirit. That doesn’t mean my life is all about my workout and eating, but I find my strength in life in those two aspects.

Veganism is about love and respect to your environment, and bodybuilding is about love and respect to yourself.

Thanks Alex! You are awesome!

The Vegan Bodybuilding & Fitness Team

To contact Alex, write: [email protected]

转自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_412ce4090100ufe9.html

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